A rock damage constitutive model and damage energy dissipation rate analysis for characterising the crack closure effect     

Tao Wen  Chenggang Yang  Xianlong Yi 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2018,13(1):54-63

Due to the insufficiency of the previous damage constitutive model for rock, an improved damage mechanics model for rock is proposed with characterising the crack closure effect. Otherwise, the effective methods of determining the model parameters and crack closure coefficient are proposed. The results represent that the model can reflect the damage evolution of rocks in the deformation process in the crack closure stage and this improved model is more reasonable than the previous model. Crack closure coefficient also has great effect on distribution parameters. The calculation formula of damage energy dissipation rate considered that crack closure effect is derived and the relationships between damage energy dissipation rate and crack closure coefficient are analysed. Crack closure coefficient has great effect on damage dissipation energy rate. Damage energy dissipation rate increases with the decrease of crack closure coefficient and damage energy dissipation rate increases quickly in the post-peak stage.  相似文献   

A three-phase XFEM model for hydraulic fracturing with cohesive crack propagation     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2015

A three-phase hydro-mechanical model for hydraulic fracturing is proposed. Three phases include: porous solid, fracturing fluid and host fluid. Discontinuity is handled using extended finite element method (XFEM) while cohesive crack model is used as fracturing criterion. Flow through fracture is defined as one-dimensional laminar flow, and flow through porous medium (host reservoir) is defined as two-dimensional Darcy flow. Coupling between two fluids in each space, fracture and pore, is captured through capillary pressure–saturation relationship, while the identical fluids in fracture and pore are coupled through a so-called leak-off mass transfer term. Coupling between fluids and deformation is captured through compatibility of volumetric strain of fluids within fracture and pore, and volumetric strain of the matrix. Spatial and temporal discretisation is achieved using the standard Galerkin method and the finite difference technique, respectively. The model is verified against analytical solutions available from literature. The leaking of fracturing fluid into the medium and suction of porous fluid into the fracture around the tip, are investigated. Sensitivity analyses are carried out for cases with slow and fast injection rates. It is shown that the results by single-phase flow may underestimate the leak-off.  相似文献   

Comparative study procedure for the safety evaluation of high arch dams   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jin Feng  Hu Wei  Jianwen Pan  Yang Jian  Jinting Wang  Chuhan Zhang 《Computers and Geotechnics》2011

A set of factors for the safety evaluation of the dam heel crack and ultimate bearing capacity of high arch dams is presented: the curtain safety factor k₁, the structural mutation safety factor k₂, and the ultimate safety factor k₃. The factor k₁ reflects the curtain safety at the dam heel, k₂ describes the structural mutation stage for the adjustment of the multiple arch–cantilever system, and k₃ reflects the ultimate bearing capacity of the entire dam structure. A comparative study on the performance and ultimate bearing capacity of dams is performed to give a more reasonable evaluation criterion of safety factors.  相似文献   

冲击载荷作用下准脆性材料Ⅱ型裂纹扩展研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

袁琳  徐涛  赵高峰  杨岳峰  陈庚 《岩土力学》2011,32(10):3155-3162

冲击载荷作用下准脆性材料的动态断裂一直是关注的热点问题,Ⅱ型裂纹试样受冲击剪切时其裂纹扩展方向同材料力学性质和冲击速度等密切相关。应用岩石动态破裂过程动态分析系统软件,对单边平行双裂缝试样开展了冲击载荷作用下的裂纹动态扩展数值模拟,分别研究了不同材料力学性质、材料均质度、入射应力脉冲幅值和历时对II型裂纹动态扩展的影响。数值模拟结果表明,纯II型裂纹在动荷载作用下的扩展,不仅受到剪切损伤,而且还存在拉伸损伤;准脆性材料的非均匀性导致了主裂缝周围产生大量微裂纹的破坏,影响裂缝的分岔和内部的应力值;应力幅值和应力脉冲历时分别超过某一定值时,主裂缝将出现分叉现象,试样的破坏程度加剧,其研究结果对于深入揭示准脆性材料在动荷载作用下II型裂纹扩展的规律及准脆性材料的损伤断裂机制具有重要的参考价值。  相似文献   

动态致裂过程的能量分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄菊清 《岩土力学》1993,14(2):13-17

本文从能量观点出发,对裂纹形成过程进行了分析,并以此为基础,讨论了各种致裂方法的原理和特点。  相似文献   

房产图中面积测算精度的探讨     

陈伟清 《测绘工程》1995,(3)

本文就《房产测量规范》所规定的解析法面积测算精度和边长丈量精度公式进行综合分析,认为两者存在精度要求上的不一致,通过对实例进行分析比较,提出一个解析法面积测算中误差的计算公式。  相似文献   

赫兹破裂：一种被忽视的构造     

张进  程弘毅  曲军峰 《地质论评》2023,69(3):2023030015-2023030015

赫兹破裂在工程和材料领域一直备受关注,但其在地质学领域的应用还很少,远未像里德尔破裂那样熟知。从微观尺度到露头尺度,从板块尺度到行星尺度,赫兹破裂在自然界都广泛存在。赫兹破裂作为一种点接触破裂区别于常见的里德尔剪切破裂。它们均是自然界中特殊而又普遍发育的破裂形式,代表了不同的边界和应力条件。典型的赫兹破裂属于弹性变形范畴,由于点接触而在三维空间中形成特征的锥形破裂,在平面上则表现为放射状及环状破裂。在剖面上锥形破裂一般会出现一定角度的拐折,下段破裂与接触面的角度变大,是锥形破裂的典型特征之一。在地质学领域,赫兹破裂有着重要的指示意义,可以表征物质的韧性（toughness）、解释环状和放射状构造、解释锥状以及弧形破裂成因与样式、判断冰川以及断层的运动学特征、区分不同破裂机制形成的新月形构造等,也可以应用于恢复沉积环境以及判断成岩过程中或者构造变形过程中的古应力及其方向。板块碰撞过程中,在特定环境下也可形成赫兹破裂,因此该类型破裂将会有助于我们理解一些断层的成因、发展以及大陆的变形,同时为类地行星（卫星）表层的构造提供解释方案。  相似文献   

含砂岩石力学特性及其致灾机制研究     

岳豪杨胜利翟瑞昊张燊崔轩 《岩土力学》2023,(4):1230-1244

含砂岩石是发生突水溃砂灾害前在高位关键层形成的特殊岩石,其强度与力学性质均与普通岩石不同,决定着高位关键层的稳定性。研究发现：不同裂隙角的裂隙岩石与含砂岩石具有不同的特征应力,且随着裂隙角的增加,裂隙岩石与含砂岩石的起裂应力、损伤应力和峰值应力均增加,双峰应力先增加后减小。相同裂隙角下的含砂岩石各特征应力均小于裂隙岩石,说明砂体对岩石特征应力具有弱化效应。从破坏形态来看,裂隙岩石易呈现翼形拉伸裂隙,含砂岩石在低裂隙角（30°）条件下形成拉伸裂隙,高裂隙角（60°）条件下易形成剪切裂隙,表明砂体进入岩石裂隙后对岩石具有剪切效应。同时建立了充砂力学模型,指出了含砂岩石强度小于裂隙岩石的原因是砂体降低了岩石的摩擦系数。根据声发射累计振铃计数定义了岩石损伤量并分析了含砂岩石致灾机制,现场溃砂灾害可分为4个阶段：弹性变形阶段、裂隙扩展阶段、蓄砂储能阶段、溃砂释能阶段。最后利用PFC2D验证了裂隙岩石与含砂岩石的差异性,分析了不同类型岩石的能量演化规律。研究结果可作为煤矿顶板突水溃砂现象的前兆信息识别,有助于指导突水溃砂工作面的安全生产。  相似文献   

内宜高速K43+200～256段边坡治理措施          下载免费PDF全文

谢元玉  刘文高  姚海平  张云江 《探矿工程》2009,36(2):72-74

介绍了内宜高速公路K43＋200～256段边坡的治理方案、施工措施。该边坡的4个危岩体除了都采取预应力锚索外,还针对不同危岩体的特征采取了不同的治理措施：W 1预应力锚索＋裂隙封填;W 2预应力锚索＋岩腔封砌;W 3预应力锚索;W 4预应力锚索＋危岩体支撑。经过两年多时间的考验,证明该治理方案和措施是合理的。  相似文献   

福建莆田某建筑开裂的基础补强          下载免费PDF全文

庄清泉 《探矿工程》2009,36(9):64-66

某建筑建成不久,底层填充墙及基础梁就产生了开裂,开裂原因为桩基承载力达不到设计要求、采取的基础梁加大补强方案因地基土固结而失效、淤泥固结产生的负摩阻力加剧了桩基下沉等,在原因分析后采用了加大基础梁截面尺寸、并在基础梁下增设锚杆式静压桩进行补强,有效地修复了裂缝,取得了预期效果。  相似文献